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JLPT N2 Grammar

ことなく

N2Negation

N2 · Negation · verb辞書形 + ことなく

without doing

verb辞書形 + ことなく

ことなく means doing the following without doing the preceding action; it is a written form of ないで.

It is common in formal narration.

彼は最後まで諦めることなく、研究を続けた。

He continued his research without giving up until the end.

Do not overuse it in casual speech; ないで is more natural.

A formal version of ないで.

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