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JLPT N3 Grammar

ないことには

N3Obligation

N3 · Obligation · nai-form verb + ないことには

Meaning

unless; if not

Structure

nai-form verb + ないことには

Explanation

ないことには presents a necessary condition; the following clause often says judgment or action is impossible without it.

Usage

The following clause often contains a negative or difficulty expression.

Example

実物を見ないことには、買うかどうか決められません。

Unless I see the actual item, I cannot decide whether to buy it.

Common Mistake

It is not obligation; it is a necessary condition.

Memory Tip

Memorize “nai-form verb + ないことには” as one fixed chunk, then practice by replacing words in the example sentence. Learn the connection first, then the nuance.

Study Status

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