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JLPT N1 Grammar

なしに / なしで

N1Negation

N1 · Negation · noun + なしに / verb辞书形 + ことなしに

without; without doing

noun + なしに / verb辞书形 + ことなしに

Shows that something happens, or cannot happen, without a necessary condition, action, or process.

なしに is more written; なしで can also appear in more everyday contexts.

本人の許可なしに、写真を公開してはいけません。

You must not publish photos without the person's permission.

With verbs, use ことなしに rather than attaching it directly to the dictionary form.

なし means the condition is absent.

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